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Hand and Upper Extremity
Your hand is made up of 27 bones. There are 14 small bones in your fingers called the phalanges - 3 for each finger and 2 for your thumb. Your wrist is made up of 8 bones known as carpals. And your palm contains 5 bones called the metacarpals. Fractures to the metacarpal bone that leads to your little finger account for about one-third of all hand fractures in adults.
The two bones of your lower arm - your ulna and your radius - meet at the hand to form your wrist.
There are 2 major nerves in your hand, known as the median and the ulnar nerves. They run the length of your arm to transmit electrical impulses to and from the brain to create movement and sensation in your hand.
Injuries and Disorders
Injuries and disorders of the hand and upper extremity - those that impact the hand, wrist, and arm - are not only painful, they can disrupt the movement and function that is vital to your daily activities, from eating to dressing to earning a living.
A broken finger, for example, is no minor injury. The bones in a normal hand line up precisely, enabling you to perform specialized functions such as grasping a pen or manipulating small objects in your palm. When you fracture a finger bone, it can cause your whole hand to be out of alignment.
Hand and upper extremity surgeons are specially trained to care for these problems with both surgical and nonsurgical treatment, to help ease your pain and get you back to your normal routine.
Hand and Wrist Resources
Broken Bones and Other Injuries
- Distal Radius Fracture (Colles' Fracture)
- Finger Fractures
- Hand Fractures
- Thumb Fractures
- Wrist (Scaphoid) Fracture
Sprains, Strains and Other Injuries
Other Injuries
- Animal Bites
- Fingertip Injuries/Amputations
- Flexor Tendon Injuries
- Human Bites
- Mallet Finger (Baseball Finger)
- Nerve injuries
Diseases and Syndromes
- Ask an Orthopaedic Surgeon about Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
- Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
- Compartment Syndrome
- Rabies
Hand
- Arthritis of the Hand
- Dupuytren's Contracture
- Reflex sympathetic dystrophy
- Ulnar Tunnel Syndrome of the Wrist
Wrist
Finger/Thumb
Treatment and Rehabilitation
- Electrodiagnostic testing
- Replantation
- Restoring Hand Function After Spinal Cord Injury
- What is a Hand Surgeon?
- Wrist Arthroscopy
- Wrist Joint Replacement (Wrist Arthroplasty)
The Hand and Upper Extremity Disorders Institute of Baylor College of Medicine
The Hand and Upper Extremity Disorders Institute of Baylor College of Medicine is the South's leading center for the diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of hand and upper extremity disorders and injuries. Our hand surgeons treat a variety of conditions including carpal tunnel syndrome, trigger finger, nerve and vessel damage, and congenital deformities. The institute's medical staff is internationally recognized for their research and clinical experience in acute trauma, industrial injuries, pediatric disorders, arthroscopy, sports medicine, arthritis, microsurgery and plastic reconstruction, as they relate to the hand and upper extremities.
Serving as clinicians, researchers and educators combined, our physicians offer firsthand knowledge of the latest advancements in orthopedic surgery, and the ability to translate those advancements into better treatment for your hand and upper extremity injury or disorder.
Our Hand and Upper Extremity Specialists
- Matthew E. Koepplinger, DO
- Board-certified orthopedic surgeon specializing in surgery of the hand and upper extremity
- James B. Stafford IV, MD
- Board-certified orthopedic and plastic surgeon specializing in the hand and upper extremity


